In a study conducted at the Federal University of Technology of Paraná, researchers evaluated the efficiency of EM•1® Effective Microorganisms in lettuce cultivation. The experiment took place in Medianeira, Paraná, Brazil, from December 2010 to March 2011, utilizing two varieties of lettuce: American lettuce (Mauren) and Solares lettuce. The study aimed to analyze plant growth, soil composition, and economic viability when applying EM•1®.

The experiment was conducted in two environments: a greenhouse using wooden crates and an open-field vegetable garden. EM•1® was applied to both soil types 30 days before planting and every 15 days throughout the plant's lifecycle. The results from treated plants were compared to control groups that did not receive EM•1®. Key variables measured included fresh and dry biomass of roots, stems, and leaves, as well as soil nutrient content.

1. Enhanced Plant Growth

• Lettuce grown with EM•1® showed significantly higher fresh and dry mass in stems and leaves compared to untreated plants.
• In greenhouse conditions, plants treated with EM•1® developed stronger stems, while untreated plants exhibited greater root growth but weaker stems.
• In the open field, EM•1®-treated lettuce had more leaves and higher overall biomass, leading to improved productivity.

2. Improved Soil Health

• Chemical analysis revealed increased organic matter content and improved nutrient availability in soils treated with EM•1®.
• Soil pH levels were more stable, and microbial activity contributed to better decomposition of organic matter, creating a healthier growing environment.

3. Economic Benefits

• EM•1® significantly increased productivity, translating to higher profitability for farmers.
• A financial analysis estimated an additional profit of R$6,559 per hectare, with an EM•1® application cost of only R$80 per hectare, making it a highly cost-effective solution for sustainable farming.